By Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald (Editor), Dixon Robert M. W., R. M. Dixon (Editor)
The current quantity examines the ways that linguistic qualities may well swap in a touch scenario. It comprises an encyclopaedic creation, which units out a basic conception of contact-induced switch, and twelve next chapters, which examine the consequences of language touch on grammatical platforms in a number of languages belonging to assorted geographical parts and numerous kinds.
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Extra resources for Grammars in Contact: A Cross-Linguistic Typology (Explorations in Linguistic Typology)
Example text
Loss of patterns may imply loss of forms: some Oceanic languages in the New Guinea area lost their possessive classiWers under the inXuence of surrounding Papuan languages (Lynch, Ross, and Crowley 2003). Others ‘generalized’ one classiWer at the expense of others which were lost. Tangale, a Chadic language, lost gender distinctions as a result of contact with Adamawa (Jungraithmayr 1995: 200–1), generalizing the ‘feminine’ form. 2 of Chapter 12 and Aikhenvald 1999b) is, in all likelihood, due to impact from languages with no gender distinctions.
Hup and Tucano came to share restrictions on word-initial boundaries. One catch-all locative case in Tariana and Hup ensures morphemeper-morpheme intratranslatability of nominal forms from these languages into Tucanoan. Within Australia, the development of bound pronouns out of free pronouns which become obligatory, then cliticize to the verb, and then even fuse with it, is determined by the principle: ‘be as iconic with your neighbour as you can’ (§7 of Chapter 2). The spread of analytic verbal forms in Basque (§2 of Chapter 5) allows Basque speakers to ‘match’ them with their Spanish equivalents (also see Factors 7 and 8 below).
G. ‘knee’ as ‘head of the leg’, or ‘boa constrictor’ as ‘deer-snake’. Along similar lines, a combination of properties deWnes the multilingual linguistic area of the Vaupe´s River Basin in Brazil and Colombia with languages belonging to the genetically unrelated Tucanoan and Arawak families (see Chapters 10 and 11). g. ‘father of goods’ ¼ ‘rich man’. None of these properties is restricted to Mesoamerica or to the Vaupe´s area. The way in which they co-occur is area speciWc. Similarly, none of the properties given for mainland South-East Asia as a linguistic area (see MatisoV 2001; EnWeld 2001, 2005) is unique.
