By Lap Kong Law, Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy (auth.), Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer, Khaldoun Al Agha, Guy Pujolle (eds.)
Mobile advert hoc NETworks (MANETs) has attracted nice learn curiosity lately. A cellular advert Hoc community is a self-organizing multi-hop instant community the place all hosts (often known as nodes) perform the routing and knowledge forwarding method. The dependence on nodes to relay facts packets for others makes cellular advert hoc networks super prone to a variety of malicious and egocentric behaviors. This aspect is essentially missed through the early level of MANET learn. Many works easily think nodes are inherently cooperative and benign. notwithstanding, stories from the stressed international happen that the opposite is mostly precise; and lots of works [3] [10] [9] [8] [12] [19] have mentioned that the influence of malicious and egocentric clients has to be conscientiously investigated. The objective of this examine is to deal with the cooperation challenge and comparable safety matters in instant advert hoc networks. commonly of thumb, it's stronger to incorporate safeguard mechanisms within the layout section instead of constantly patching the method for safeguard breaches. As mentioned in [2] [1], there could be either egocentric and malicious nodes in a cellular advert hoc community. egocentric nodes are so much interested by their strength intake and deliberately drop packets to avoid wasting strength. the aim of malicious nodes, nevertheless, is to assault the community utilizing a variety of intrusive innovations. mostly, nodes in an advert hoc community can express Byzantine behaviors.
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Extra resources for Mobile and Wireless Communication Networks: IFIP TC6/WG6.8 Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communication Networks (MWCN 2004) October 25–27, 2004, Paris, France
Example text
Wireless Linl< Network topology in simulations for TCP performance evaluation. We considered two different statistical models of packet losses on the wireless link: independent and correlated losses. To model independent packet losses, the Hnk drops packets according to a Poisson process, causing a packet error rate (PER) in the 10"^ to 10"^ range. To account for the effects of multi-path fading typical of wireless environments, we also considered links affected by correlated errors. , 2000], we modeled the wireless link state {Good or Bad) with a two-state Markov chain.
To measure the level of fairness achieved by TCP NewReno-LP we considered the same scenario described above first with 5 TCP NewReno-LP connections and then with 5 TCP NewReno sources sharing a 10 Mbit/s link with RTT equal to 100 ms. In this scenarios congestion is the only cause of packet Improving TCP Performance over Wireless Networks Using Loss Differentiation Algorithms losses. 9995. These results confirm that TCP NewReno-LP achieves the same level of fairness of TCP NewReno. We also extended our simulation campaign to more complex scenarios with a varying number of competing connections.
500 0 100 150 ICMP packets Figure 2. GPRS latency in bidirectional mode For lower bit rates, the throughput oscillates presumably because of the time division of the bandwidth in the transmission mode of GPRS. 2 GPRS Unidirectional mode We note that the behavior of the GPRS network (latency according to the load of the upHnk) in the unidirectional mode (Fig. 3) is totally different from the bidirectional mode. The latency increases faster for small throughputs. s~^. 4s (Fig. 3). s"^. s"-^. Darche, Lepage, and Gnaedinger 38 GPRS Latency ' 5 kbit/s •Ic Du a/ _ i- J :--| i o 4000 [ i i '""""'""••"" - "^-^ yj'''..
