By Raymond E. March, John F.J. Todd
"Reflecting the sizeable elevate in acclaim for quadrupole ion traps and Fourier rework ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometers, functional elements of Trapped Ion Mass Spectrometry, quantity IV: concept and Instrumentation explores the historic origins of the newest advances during this increasing box. It covers new tools for trapping ions, equivalent to the Orbitrap, the electronic ion capture (DIT), the rectilinear ion capture (RIT), and the toroidal ion catch; the improvement and alertness of the quadrupole ion capture (QIT) and the quadrupole linear ion seize (LIT); and the advent of high-field uneven waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). After a mixed appreciation and ancient survey of mass spectrometry and a dialogue of the way more suitable functions for microfabrication have ended in curiosity in arrays of ion traps, the booklet examines the idea and perform of the Orbitrap mass analyzer, the oblong waveform-driven DIT mass spectrometer, FAIMS, and ion traps with round geometries. It subsequent discusses ion accumulation for expanding sensitivity in FT-ICR spectrometry, a radio frequency-only-mode occasion for Penning traps in feet MS, and an feet working mode utilized to a 3D-QIT. The textual content then offers 3 behavioral features of quadrupole rod units, earlier than illustrating the improvement of the 3D-QIT in recent times. the ultimate chapters discover photodissociation in ion traps and the chemical and photochemical stories of steel dication complexes in a 3D-QIT."--Publisher's description. learn more... content material: pt. 1. basics -- pt. 2. New ion trapping ideas -- pt. three Fourier remodel mass spectrometry -- pt. four. Quadrupole rod units -- pt. five. 3D-quadrupole ion seize mass spectrometry -- pt. 6. Photochemistry of trapped ions. summary: "Reflecting the big bring up in approval for quadrupole ion traps and Fourier remodel ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometers, functional facets of Trapped Ion Mass Spectrometry, quantity IV: thought and Instrumentation explores the ancient origins of the most recent advances during this increasing box. It covers new tools for trapping ions, similar to the Orbitrap, the electronic ion capture (DIT), the rectilinear ion catch (RIT), and the toroidal ion catch; the improvement and alertness of the quadrupole ion capture (QIT) and the quadrupole linear ion capture (LIT); and the advent of high-field uneven waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). After a mixed appreciation and ancient survey of mass spectrometry and a dialogue of the way stronger services for microfabrication have ended in curiosity in arrays of ion traps, the publication examines the speculation and perform of the Orbitrap mass analyzer, the oblong waveform-driven DIT mass spectrometer, FAIMS, and ion traps with round geometries. It subsequent discusses ion accumulation for expanding sensitivity in FT-ICR spectrometry, a radio frequency-only-mode occasion for Penning traps in toes MS, and an feet working mode utilized to a 3D-QIT. The textual content then offers 3 behavioral features of quadrupole rod units, prior to illustrating the improvement of the 3D-QIT lately. the ultimate chapters discover photodissociation in ion traps and the chemical and photochemical stories of steel dication complexes in a 3D-QIT."--Publisher's description
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Additional info for Practical aspects of trapped ion mass spectrometry Volume IV, Theory and instrumentation
Example text
50 Practical Aspects of Trapped Ion Mass Spectrometry, Volume IV region was a cylindrical electrode 30 mm in diameter and maintained at 500–600 V relative to ground. ” Essentially, as a fine jet of a solution of the analyte leaves the conical tip under the influence of a strong electric field gradient, evaporation occurs leading to the formation of charged droplets and, ultimately, to ions that are sampled via the nozzle and the skimmer into the mass spectrometer. Fenn’s initial aim in designing this system was to undertake infrared spectroscopic studies in free jets of some complex and relatively non-volatile molecules in the vapur phase having masses sufficiently small for the ionic species to be analyzed with a quadrupole mass filter of mass/charge range up to 450 Th.
The resulting mass spectra are markedly different 42 Practical Aspects of Trapped Ion Mass Spectrometry, Volume IV from those obtained by EI on the one hand and FI on the other hand. Often the mass spectra give evidence for different aspects of the structure of the molecule than do other modes of ionization. For their investigations, the authors used a ‘tight’ ion source with high-capacity differential pumping of the source region; with a source pressure of 1 Torr, the pressure immediately outside the ionization chamber was about 2 × 10−3 Torr, and that in the analyzer about 2 × 10−5 Torr.
In this instance, it was field ion microscopy, developed by Muller and Bahadur [146,147] that acted as the inspiration. In field ion microscopy the sample surface, which is exposed to an ‘imaging gas’, such as helium or neon, is cooled to a low temperature and held at a high positive potential. Under the influence of the intense electric field, the adsorbed gas atoms become positively charged and are ejected in a direction essentially normal to the surface toward a detection system. The spatial distribution of the collected ions represents a magnified image of the surface of the sample.