By Joseph E. Shigley, John Joseph Uicker
The second one version of Shigley-Uicker keeps the culture of being very entire, thorough, and just a little theoretical. The vital adjustments comprise a diffusion and updating of the dynamics fabric, growth of the bankruptcy on gears, a ramification of the cloth on mechanisms, a brand new introductory bankruptcy. meant for the Kinematics and Dynamics direction in Mechanical Engineering departments.
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Extra info for Theory of Machines and Mechanisms (McGraw-Hill series in mechanical engineering)
Sample text
There are essentially two distinct requirements for this operation. As the cylinder extends or retracts a large volume of fluid is required at a low pressure (sufficient just to overcome friction). As the workpiece is gripped, the requirement changes to a high pressure but minimal fluid volume. 16 A clamping cylinder. 17. Pump P1 is a high pressure low volume pump, while pump P2 is a high volume low pressure pump. l ,j ,~< r ( / y. -2-- . . . . . 17 Combination pump valve which allows flow from left to right, but blocks flow in the reverse direction.
Energy in a unit mass of fluid has three components: 9 kinetic energy from its motion, given by ve/2 where v is flow velocity 9 potential energy from the height of the fluid 9 energy arising from the pressure of the fluid, given by P/O where P is the pressure and o the density. 17. Neglecting energy losses from friction, energies at points X, Y and Z will be equal. 17 Relationship between flow and pressure 26 Hydraulics and Pneumatics because of the smaller pipe diameter. Potential energy at each point is constant because the pipe is horizontal, so we can write: Vx2 +Px _ Vy__ 2 + Py _ _ Vz2 __ + _Pz _ 2 /9 Energy at X 2 /9 Energy at Y (1 13) 2 /9 Energy at Z We have implied an incompressible fluid by assuming the density, P, is constant throughout.
1, gives" Power - PxAxd T but A x d/T is flow rate, hence: Power = pressure x flow rate. 2 is specified in impractical SI units (pressure in pascal, time in seconds, flow in cubic metres). We may adapt the expression to use more practical units (pressure in bar, flow rate in litres min -1) with the expression: P o w e r - pressure • flow rate Kw. 600 Pipe area A .... 3) 38 Hydraulics and Pneumatics For Imperial systems (pressure in psig, flow rate in gallons min-1), the expression becomes: P o w e r - pressure x flow rate 1915 Kw.
